What causes spontaneous abortion?

Spontaneous abortion refers to the natural termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of gestation and when the fetal weight is less than 1 kg. The causes of spontaneous abortion include embryonic factors, maternal factors, paternal factors and environmental factors.

1. Embryonic factors: The most common is embryonic chromosomal abnormalities, which may be caused by genetic factors or environmental teratogens, accounting for more than half of the causes of early spontaneous abortion.

2. Maternal factors: Systemic diseases such as anemia, heart failure, or reproductive organ abnormalities such as uterine malformation, as well as endocrine abnormalities such as luteal insufficiency, may all lead to spontaneous abortion.

3. Paternal factors: mainly refer to abnormal sperm quality, such as sperm chromosome abnormalities, which may lead to abnormal embryo development and miscarriage.

4. Environmental factors: involving excessive exposure to harmful substances such as radiation, formaldehyde, etc.

After a miscarriage, the patient needs to pay attention to physical conditioning, proper nutrition supplementation, especially iron-rich foods to prevent anemia, and pay attention to keeping warm and personal hygiene to prevent infection. At the same time, psychological care and support are also needed to help the patient through this difficult period.

To prevent spontaneous abortion from happening again, it is recommended that couples undergo a comprehensive physical examination before getting pregnant again, especially genetic counseling and chromosome examination. During pregnancy, they should avoid contact with harmful substances, maintain good living habits and mentality, have regular prenatal examinations, and promptly identify and deal with potential risk factors.