How to treat chocolate cyst

Under normal circumstances, a type of endometriosis. As the endometrium grows in the uterine cavity, it is affected by female hormones in the body and sheds once a month, forming the so-called menstruation. If the endometrial fragments shed during the menstrual period flow back through the fallopian tube into the pelvic cavity with the menstrual blood, and are implanted on the surface of the ovaries or other parts of the pelvic cavity, ectopic cysts are formed. This ectopic endometrium is also affected by sex hormones and sheds and bleeds repeatedly with the menstrual cycle. If the lesion occurs on the ovaries, there will be local bleeding during each menstrual period, which will enlarge the ovaries and form cysts containing old blood. This old blood is brown and sticky like paste, like chocolate, so it is also called "chocolate cyst". This cyst can gradually increase in size and sometimes rupture during or after menstruation, but rarely becomes malignant. Although ovarian chocolate cysts are benign diseases, they have malignant behaviors such as hyperplasia, infiltration, metastasis and recurrence. This type of ovarian cyst is one of the most common diseases in women of childbearing age between 25 and 45 years old, with an incidence rate of 10% to 15%. Endometriosis lesions will grow larger over time, gradually eroding normal tissue and causing irreversible damage to ovarian tissue. Severe cases require surgery. This type of cyst can gradually increase in size and sometimes rupture during or after menstruation, but rarely becomes malignant.

Drugs or (and) surgery (conservative or radical) can be used for treatment. So far, there is no ideal radical cure except radical surgery. Both drug treatment and conservative surgery have a high recurrence rate. Therefore, it is necessary to select according to the patient's age, symptoms, signs, lesion range, and fertility requirements, emphasizing individualized treatment. Expectant treatment is used for mild lesions with mild or no symptoms; mild patients with fertility requirements are treated with drugs after a clear diagnosis, and those with severe conditions undergo fertility-preserving surgery; young patients with severe conditions who do not have fertility requirements can undergo ovarian function-preserving surgery and supplemented with drug treatment; patients with severe symptoms and lesions who do not have fertility requirements can undergo radical surgery. There are two surgical methods: open surgery and laparoscopic surgery, and the best treatment method is laparoscopic surgery.