Pathological features of uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors of the female genitalia. The pathological examination contents are as follows:

1. Mass inspection

Gross examination refers to the naked eye observation of the pathological specimens submitted for examination. On the basis of gross examination, a certain amount of representative pathological tissue is removed for sectioning. It is a very important step in making a correct pathological diagnosis, and sometimes even has a decisive significance for the diagnosis. Gross examination of uterine fibroids can show: a substantial spherical mass with a smooth surface and a harder texture than uterine muscle. It compresses the surrounding muscle wall fibers to form a pseudocapsule. There is a loose reticular gap between the fibroid and the pseudocapsule, which is very easy to peel off; the cut surface is grayish white, and a vortex or woven structure can be seen.

2. Microscopic examination

Microscopic examination is the abbreviation of microscopic examination, which means taking samples and preparing slides of the specimens to be examined, observing, analyzing and judging under a microscope, which can often assist in the diagnosis of diseases. Microscopic examination of uterine fibroids shows that the fibroids are mainly composed of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells and unequal amounts of fibrous connective tissue. The muscle cells are uniform in size, arranged in a whorl or shed shape, and have rod-shaped nuclei.

3. Myoma degeneration

It refers to the loss of the original typical structure of the fibroids. The main degenerations include: hyaline degeneration (also known as transparent degeneration), cystic degeneration, red degeneration, sarcoma-like degeneration and calcification, etc.