The diagnostic methods of Trichomonas and Bacterial Vaginosis are different

There are two common types of vaginitis in clinical practice, namely Trichomonas vaginitis and bacterial vaginitis. How to make a clear diagnosis depends on the following methods.

1. Trichomonas vaginitis

Symptom diagnosis: The main symptoms of patients with Trichomonas vaginitis are vulvar itching and excessive foamy vaginal discharge.

Laboratory diagnosis: The simpler method is the hanging drop method. According to statistics, the positive rate of the hanging drop method can reach 80%-90% for subjects with the above symptoms. The so-called hanging drop method is to add a drop of mild physiological saline on the glass slide, take a small amount of vaginal secretions from the posterior fornix of the subject, mix it with the saline on the glass slide, and immediately look for Trichomonas under a low-power microscope. If Trichomonas is seen to move in a wave-like manner and has signs of movement, the diagnosis can be confirmed. If the symptoms of the subject are very similar to those of Trichomonas vaginitis, but the hanging drop method does not find Trichomonas, the vaginal secretions can be further cultured in the laboratory, and the diagnostic accuracy rate can be as high as 98%.

2. Bacterial vaginosis

Patients with bacterial vaginosis often have no obvious symptoms, and diagnosis relies on laboratory tests. If the subject meets 3 of the following 4 tests, the diagnosis can be made, of which item a is essential for diagnosis.

a. Clue cell positive: If more than 20% abnormal cells are seen under a high-power microscope using the hanging drop method, it is considered clue cell positive. Abnormal cells are superficial cells shed from the vagina with a large number of granules attached to their surface, making the cell boundaries unclear.

b. Vaginal discharge: uniform and thin leucorrhea

c. Vaginal pH: greater than 4.5.

d. Ammonia test is positive.