What causes uterine fibroids?

The formation of uterine fibroids is usually related to genetics, hormone imbalance, environmental factors, and certain physiological or pathological changes. The risk of occurrence can be effectively reduced by controlling hormone secretion, improving lifestyle habits, and monitoring early symptoms.

1. Genetic factors

Uterine fibroids have a certain genetic tendency. If a direct relative in the family, such as a mother or sister, has a history of uterine fibroids, the chance of developing it may be higher. This is because the relevant genes may cause abnormal proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells. For those with a family history of the disease, regular gynecological examinations can be performed to detect problems as early as possible.

2. Hormone imbalance

Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels are important causes of uterine fibroids. Excessive secretion of these two hormones stimulates the rapid growth of uterine myometrial cells, thus forming fibroids. For example, pregnancy or long-term oral contraceptives may lead to elevated estrogen levels, but hormone imbalance is not the only cause. After menopause, due to the decrease in estrogen secretion, fibroids often stop growing or even shrink. Young women are advised to avoid long-term use of hormone drugs, especially the abuse of hormone drugs without the guidance of a doctor.

3 Environmental and lifestyle factors

Long-term psychological stress, obesity, lack of exercise and unhealthy eating habits may indirectly affect hormone balance and increase the incidence of fibroids. For example, a high-fat, high-sugar diet can easily increase estrogen secretion, and chronic stress can interfere with endocrine function through the central nervous system. It is recommended to maintain healthy living habits, consume more fiber-rich foods such as green vegetables and whole grains, reduce the intake of high-fat foods, and develop the habit of regular exercise.

4 Pathological factors

The formation of uterine fibroids may be related to certain pathological changes, such as other uterine diseases such as endometrial hyperplasia, chronic uterine inflammation, or trauma such as uterine damage caused by artificial abortion or intrauterine operation. Repeated damage to the uterus may induce abnormal cell proliferation and eventually form fibroids. Avoiding unnecessary intrauterine surgery and choosing appropriate contraceptive methods can reduce uterine trauma.

5 Hormone replacement therapy and drug factors

Certain drugs, such as estrogen supplements, may induce rapid growth of fibroids. If women taking hormone therapy find abnormal vaginal bleeding or abdominal discomfort during non-menstrual periods, they should consult as soon as possible to consider changing or adjusting their treatment plan. During treatment, regular checkups can help detect possible side effects of the drug in a timely manner.

The formation of uterine fibroids is the result of the combined effects of many factors. Women should pay attention to regular gynecological examinations, especially those with high-risk factors. When early symptoms such as heavy menstrual flow and abdominal pain are found, seek medical attention in time to avoid worsening of the disease or other complications. By improving health awareness and scientifically managing one's own health, the occurrence and development of uterine fibroids can be effectively prevented.