How serious is the cervical precancerous lesion?

The severity of cervical precancerous lesions depends on the type and grade of the lesions. Some lesions may develop into cervical cancer and require timely intervention. Cervical precancerous lesions are usually divided into low-grade and high-grade. Low-grade lesions may regress on their own, while high-grade lesions have a higher risk of cancer. Treatment methods include regular follow-up, drug therapy, and surgical intervention.

1. Causes of cervical precancerous lesions

Cervical precancerous lesions are mainly related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially high-risk HPV. Other factors include a weakened immune system, long-term use of oral contraceptives, smoking, and multiple sexual partners. Genetic and environmental factors may also increase the risk of disease. After HPV infection, the virus may lurk in cervical cells for a long time, causing abnormal cell proliferation and the formation of precancerous lesions.

2. Diagnosis and grading of cervical precancerous lesions

Precancerous lesions of the cervix are initially screened through cervical cytology tests such as TCT and HPV testing, and the diagnosis depends on colposcopy and cervical biopsy. The lesions are divided into low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). LSIL is usually associated with HPV infection and may disappear on its own; HSIL has a higher risk of cancer and requires active treatment.

3. Treatment of cervical precancerous lesions

Low-grade lesions can be followed up regularly to see if the lesions have subsided. High-grade lesions require active treatment, and common methods include:

Drug treatment: such as interferon, immunomodulators, etc., to enhance the body's immunity and inhibit viral replication.

Physical therapy: such as laser therapy and cryotherapy, which directly remove diseased tissue.

Surgical treatment: including LEEP and cold knife conization, suitable for patients with high-grade lesions or suspected cancer.

4. Prevention and life advice

The key to preventing cervical precancerous lesions is regular screening and HPV vaccination. It is recommended that women undergo regular cervical cytology examinations starting at age 21, combined with HPV testing after age 30. Avoid smoking, reduce the number of sexual partners, use condoms, etc. to reduce the risk of infection. Eat more foods rich in vitamins C, E and folic acid, such as citrus fruits, nuts and green leafy vegetables, to enhance immunity.

Although cervical precancerous lesions have certain risks, early detection and standardized treatment can effectively control the condition and reduce the probability of cancer. Regular screening and a healthy lifestyle are the key to prevention, and patients should actively cooperate with doctors to avoid worsening of the disease.